Glare-subduing and light conserving and distributing device for head-lights of automobiles, &amp;c.



S. TRENNER. GLARE susnumc AND UGHT CONSEHVING AND msrmsunm: DEVICE FORHEADLIGHTS 0F AUIOMOBILES, (Sm.

APPLICATION HLtU OCI" Patented 3 n1 y 30, 1918.

S, TRENNER, BLAH susmw; AM) new crwsuwms AND msmlsumc DEVICE FORHEADLIGHTS 0F auwmosuss, m

w APPLiCATIUN HLED 0C1. 9. Hi6. 1 27%, 122 Patented July 30, 1918!3'SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES;

PATENT OFFICE.

SIMEON TRENNER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GLARE-SUBDUING AND LIGHT CONSERVING AND DISTBIBIJTING DEVICE FOR 'H'EAD-LIGHTS 0F AUTOMOBILES, 8w.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 30, 1918.

Application filed October 9, 1916. Serial No. 124,656.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIMEON TRENNER, a subject of the United Kingdom ofGreat Britain and Ireland, residing at No. 817 Crescent Place, inChicago, Cook county, and State of Illinois, in the United States ofAmerica, have invented a new and useful Glare-Subduing and LightConserving and Distributing Device for Headlights ofAutomobiles,Motor-Cycles, and other Vehicl s, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the headlights of automobiles,motorcycles and other vehicles, in which a concentrated and brilliantsource of light is used in con nection with a parabola or other form ofreflector, and the object of my invention is to subdue the dangerousblinding glare due to the projection above the horizontal of a greatvolume of approximately parallel rays of light, by deflecting portionsof the re flccted beam to the middle distance of the road-bed at thesame time conserving as many of the light rays as possible for generalillumination and as a. warning signal of approach.

I attain this object li v the device .illus: trated in thotll(5()lili)lfl \'lll; drawings.

Figure l is a longitudinal section oF an automobile headlight.llluslraliug my device. inplace in the headlight. Fig. 2 is theincandescent electric lamp shown in Fig. 1, showing the connection ofthe lamp with the socketof the headlight. Figs. 55 and -l are cr'sssections of the headlight socket. at point of connection with the hoseol' the incandescent electric lmnp. shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a diagramof an electric circuit Showing the method by which the lilznnents of theelectric lamp. Fig. 2, are connected With the source of eleclricil. usedto illuminate the headlight by means of a two way switch. Fig. 6 is across section of the dctachahle glass annular lcnticular convex andfluted canopy which is to he used in con nection with the incandescentelectric lamp. Fig. 2, showing: a wire sup 'iorting ring clamping into arecess in the periphery of the canopy and extensions for connection withthe wire support illustrated in Figs. 1 and 10. Fig. 7 shows the wiresupporting ring which is clamped on the canopy. Fig. 8 shows the springwire eye of the wire support which lils over the extensions of thesupporting ring for the canopy. I 1g. 9 is a treat .view of theeanopy inplace in an automobile headlight. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section ofan automobile lwadlighl. provided with a. diagonally disposed sturkctplaced in the upper part of the headlight, showing a form in which myldevicc may be made. Fig. 11 is a view ol the incandescent electric lampand the diagonally disposed socket in the upper part of the headlight,shown in Fig. 10, and also shows the water tight fric tional ring andstuffing hox and the knurled plug, with which the diagonally disposedsocket is provided. Fig. 12 is a vertical section of the socket of theincandescent electrio amp. shown in Fig. it at point t t, showingmetallic spring fingers hy means of which the lamp is connected with thesource of the electric current: used to illuminate the headlight.

Similar letters refer to similar throughout the several views.

My device is primarily of simple construe-- lion. It may he made so asto he readily attached and adapted to the headlight. oi" au-- tomohilcs,'inotor-cvcles or other vehicles, provided with a centrally locatedsocket; or it may be readily attached to or adapted to parts "suchheadlight provided with a socket lorated in olhcr portions of thehoadlig'ht.

Fig. 1 shows my entire device in place in a headlight in the form Iprnlw 'l'or attachment or adaptation to exisling automobile headlights.provided with a entrally located socket. In this form of my device theincumlcscvut electri lamp. Fig. 3. is pro- "idcd with two permanentlymoi'mtcd filaments. 11. and 'btqiigs, l and 2. The filament. 11, Figs. 1and is-locatcd at or near the center of the lamp-hull The filament (1Figs. 1 and 2. is adjacent to but plncc d apart from and allow theii-lament Z), with its heated portion adjacent to and hack of theprincipal focus of the headlight reflector, and will: its heated portiongreater from front to rear. I prefer to have the incan--. descentelectric lamp constructed with four severally insulated contacts, asillustrated by Fig. 3. which is a cross section in the liner: 0 Fig. 2.of the headlight socket, with the lamp in place in the socket. by; cansof which the wires connect with the lament and the filament 0, Figs. 1and 2, and that lho socket of the headlight be constructed with fourspring fingers, as shown in Fig. 4, which is a cross section of theheadlight with tho HURH'W: of 9 soolwlv. with the lamp in plum at theline s Fig.2. lly thlb' muuns. either of thv. lilumruts; may hr ml inmetallic commit.

loolririhv used to illumiimh' Lhu hmullighl, l v \lfilhg a lwwwuy.ewili-li or similar (.lBVlfiL. us shown in the ding-mm of an i-leclricrirruil... illustriikml in Fig; h. The filament I). or lhr filuumut a.of lhu invumlescont. electric. lamp. Fig. A, may he (ZUHHtKtLCd Willithe source of tho olectrio gnu-rout. of the hoadlighl, when thtiheadlight; is provided with a Hockey. having but two iusuhiied uosunclsby rotation of the plug carrying tho loading in wires.

."lnolhrr form of my lluvice zula'ptiid to :r hrmliight. provizlml withr. diagonally disrmwil malcch, plurml in luv uppor part of lhelmulligjlu il-lloi to: i9. illuutrmcd hy Fig. i 'liw diagonallyLllTJPJSPll whet i pro .i lwl with a. wnlui lig'lu. i'l'lfllv'flldl ringand mulling; l Figs: lrahi iLmul ii lmurlml m5 lJ-rlillllfilfli Hi andll. with .uitrr frciiu from to A ill :uiv l'il tutu M ii: llJrs Zi Tli';purliuli rear. which positioned us to length illil angle. that when ifis ills-311911 iii the bayonet aloha g Fl s. 10 and U. of the'rliagmmllydisposed uoc et of the li ulllighl. or orhorwisu hired in place in the.liagounlly disposal; soalcet of the headlight. mid lhe diagonallydisposed socket of the hi'ezhl lijghl. is rohitml hy iui-zms oi theli'iillllfi ll plug; igs-1. 'lU um. ll. he heated poriimi if hr iihuuvullflgjs. lU hllkl ll, may b plan l at lhr'i Position s, Fig. 1Q, Mir thep; 1l"'l l hl u. oi the roller-tor, and hrhiu 'l tin" illlii ll'lr iforms of lhe rr-fiocl'or, r Hilly l ly. iii. at or limit ll'ie gweur wiiaxis of ihrr lw'lor of tho hu:ullight. The lamp 1/, Figs 10, Mlil ll. ismmicclod, with the SUIH'GA: of clerlric cur 190m, used to illuminate theheadlight. by mama. of lhv usual wring fingers, illustrated in Fig. 1whic.

:6 i sectio ll'irough the. clim 'onal iliuposwl headlight. sol-hurl.all. the point, 13 i. F g. 1i.

Th:- ih-inuhnhlu gins canopy harming :1

purl; oi my rlvvico, h h. Fig. l. (1,9. 21ml :0. is unuulur and mmwxsoul prelrruliiy irulir'ilzii' and llumii. ll. 11m) ho ld'i nl l'lpiiilllilv, (K'lillllfiwCtHh or rouglumi-il. or wiih llulml surfacesmil/whaling; wi1h iriiu rlil'fillkQ. "l hiy, canopy is so plan-ml bl:lira-mi llm g'irinoipai focus and thr from: all; i r w howl ighl. mu}the. parahohi of ihr xr-zri ight :mil with ihs uonx'wxilq nuim'il. halta nearby. olisrrwr altos: mi rulru'imil virtua magfr ll i'hu cruuopy inliar. ozl iqilio ii of fil headliis fl kk Hi with lhv eir moi llmuprrluro in ilik iuuiliul portion of lo rzumpv sulissuuilhilly in thepziurigml m. of tlw reflector. s s illu-dmim h; ti. ll.

in thr lamp bulliw high. 1 and 10, permitting lrro egress of liglupencils through the aperture at the (:uuiml portion of the canopy, 1,Figs. 1, 5) Mill H). I The canopy may he supliortoll in various wziys. Iprefer that. it he (!()Ilstruotml with a groove or rec-(5s in thopuriphorul margin, M, Fig. 6, into which a spring wire ring. Fig. 7 isfilter]. The wire ring is provided with extensions, 1. Fig. 7; overthese exlousious, '13, Fig. 7, are filtorl the spring wire fiyiri ol'the support Fig. 8. The wire. supporl is; illustrated by w, Figs. 1, uml10, which is attached to the headligl'u; roflcotor by a Collar fittingover the socket of tho headlight, 3 Fig. 1, or is ullu lied to theheadlight, reflector 2 Fig. 1.0. I do not limit myself to this means ofsup mrliug the canopy.

'lhr. oporuiiou of my ilovirc is as follows: Wimp lhv filament m. Fig. lis illumim'ilml or when lhr lihuiielil p. l i ig. lll. iu plm-vil in thepqrailiom'. Fig. l JHl illuinimilm lhaillumiiwlw ponimi of the. lihrmcutin iunjh (tail-so. iwiuuj ltlJnH 1hr pl'iurlpul Axis all -i hg iiF pl(Hili hljii. mill hurl; of tho prim-ipul loan. of lhw. hmulligjhirrliirislur. null having llw hu'niiuous portion grvzriu from from. torem, llw. ma'jor portion of tho lighi' hrnm is projc-rloil in tho 5'Ullllil mainly in the. miilello illsluuuo in from. of the v0 hiclc foruseful illumination. and some quoutly the hliniling glam so dangerous tozipprimxrhirig drivers oi uutomohilou. uml to eilesivrizins. is greatlyreduced. Portions of the light lJL'lHil penetrate lhv glrms :iuuulill'PHIWU). lrul'ioulnr :uul llulvcl ruuopy h, Fig. l, U :iml ll). uiul zurh i! partly rol ruoloil nuei ilisprriml. ilirrvhy further nihwiug thoghirv. am} purliou oi the ligzhl oum pusr vu {rm-l th ough thr uprrturvin th realm of liv ("lumpy 5 Figs. 1. ll mul ill. and lhmugh Thr wirrzzluiiiuilu umuulh hpnvw in {he wimp ll' 1hr rmiupy is 'IllzHll' with u'imluurfuvw; alrrruuliu; with small surfaces. a portion of llw lightv imamwill puss through the plain surl'zu-us lllllllfi'lhl' tll illlll willihrrvlorebu piojwlwl 1|. l'ullfiilll! uhlr .lislaiuur :ihoml. Th0iumuliy olmvrn-r Will see. the enlarged virlual image of ihu canopy.which "nu-mgr will npproxinnur lhv lull HlZU of tho hmullighl. althoughthe riuuuiy iluoll' is uiurh suuillur. The small wimpy pu -z-o-x-nw+ lhcmlvunluggo of lining HOll-(llll. rollurliuu. mom uriislio, lrss.fragilr. uioru umiwuionh ll'hn vxponsivu, 21ml largo prismatic uml beampasses free! y *tions "ofthe light beamaie thereby rcfracted anddispiarsetlfreducing the blind ing' glare. The enlarged virtual imageabove described, is seen by the eye. of the near-by observer, A'portionof the light; through the aperture in. thecenter of the canopy 9, Figs..1, t and 10. In country driving on unfrcoucntcd roads, or when thecandle power of the lamp is dimmed electrically by reducing the current,the canopy being of convenient pocket size, may be removed.

I claim and apply for patent on the following:

1. In a vehicle headlight the combination of a reflector having a focalcenter, an in candescent electric lamp bulb in thc rctlcctor, a meanslocated wholly at. thc rear of the focal center of the reflector for;-e:u pcrtin; the bulb, said bulb being provided with two filaments,with the heated poi-tum oi each greater from front to rear, onc oi whichis positioned with its heated portion at or n .i' the focal center, andon the prin ipal a. is of the reflector, and the other lilanicut is.positioned with its heated portion substantially vertically abovetheprimripal axis of the reflector and at the rear of the focal center ofthe reflector, and elcctric circuits whereby either or both of thefilaments may be heated at Will, and an annular, court lenticular, glasscanopy, with a fluted sit! face, positioned between the principal Focusand the front glass of the headlight, and with its convexity outward,and with the aperture in the medial portion of the canopy substantiallyin the principal axis of the reflector, a means of support for thecanopy, and a means by which the canopy may be attached to and detachedfrom the means of support.

2. In a vehicle headlight, the combination of a reflector having a focalcenter and a means of illumination located at or back of the focal.center of the reflector and a means of support for the means ofilliuninir tion, a detachable, annular, lenticular, con- Vex, and flutedglass canopy, positioned between the rincipal focus and the front: glassof the hea light, and with its convexity out- Ward, and with the centerof the aperture in the medial portion of the canopy, substantially inthe principal axis of the reflector, a means of support for the canopy,and a means whereby the canopy may be attached to and detached from themeans of support.

3. In a vehicle headlight, the combination of a rcficctor having a focalcenter and a means of illumination located at or back of the focalcenter of the reflector, and a means of support for the means ofilllllllllltttifill, a detachable, annular 'anopy, made of trans lucentmaterial, provided with light modi" fying and distributing surfaces,said canopy being positioned with the plane of its Smaller t i i .i i Jt apcrti'irtiout-ward, and hetwi-en the means of illumiuiition of theheadlight reflector, and the from glass of the headlight; a means of supioi'l for the canopy, and a means where by the canopy may be nttachcd toand detached from the means of support.

4. In a rchicle headlight, the combination of a reflector lorviuga focalccntenaancans of illumination located at or bacl; of the focal ccntcr ofthe refle tor, and a incansol support for the means of illumination,detachable, annular canopy, frusttrconicnl in shape, madc of translucentmaterial. pro vidcd with litil' t modifying and distributing surfaces;said canopy being positionwl will] the planc of its smaller :ipcrturc()lllh'dltl, and between thc un ons of illumination of tho headlightreflector, and the from ohms It the headlight; a means of support, l'orlhc an-- opy, and a llii'ulits whereby the acopy may be atta hed to and(lctachct from tho nicaiul ol' suppoih in a vehicle headlight, thecon'iliii'mtiou of u rclictlotg having a local armor. and a Iowans ofillumination l 'ulril :i' or ha 'l; of the f cal ccntci of th rcllcctor,and a means of so port for the means of illluoination, a detachable;annular, glass canopy, with altcr natc tinted and plain surfaces,positioned lieln'ccn the principal focus and the front glass oi: theheadlight and with its convexity outward, and with the center of theaperture in the medial portion ofthe canopy. substantially in theprincipal axis of thc reflector, a means of support for the canopy, anda means whereby the canopy may be attached to and detached from themeans of support.

6. In a vehicle headlight, the combination of a reflector, having alocal center, and a means of illumination locatcd at or back of thefocal center of the reflector, and a means of support for the means ofillumination, a detachable, annular glass canopy, with alternatelcnticular and plain surfaces, positioned between the principal focusand the front glass of the headlight, and with its convexity outward,and with the center of the aperture in the medial portion of the canopy,substantially in the principal axis of the reflector, a means of supportfor the canopy, and a means whereby the canopy may be attached to anddetached from the means of support.

7. In a vehicle headlight, the combination of a reflector having a focalcenter. a mcans of illumination located at or back of the focal centerof the reflector, and a means of support for the inc-art's oflllllllllllllllflll, a detachable annular canopy, fruslo-conical inshape, made of translucent material, provirlcd with light mmlifying anddistributing surfaces in which are placcd numerous small holes; saidcanopy being positioned with the plane. of its smaller aperture outwardand between ihc mvnns of iiimninutirm nf L110. iu-milighi reflector,21ml tlu' from glass 1 Hm hmuiliglxt; a means of sH Im-L fur the mumpyand n means in-ruby (in: runny may b0 uthuhud l1) and dvbmhml fluHl theIHPHHH 0i suppm't.

8. In a vehicle headlight, thu cumllilmtiun of u HHULUH' having u focal(-milur zm :1 II'WZHIH n'F illumination lucuiml at or had; of 1110 focalcenter of Him: reflector, and :1 "Walls ui' mippmt fur the moans ofiilumimltiun, n dulzwlmbic, annular canopy made of trans- Im'cntmuim'izll, provided with light modi- Tying and distributing surfzmw. in\vhir-h (\l'l plum-(l IIIHIH'I'UHH srmlil ilHiLHI mid mm- ()li v livingpmitiuumi with liw piunv ui' its sumilvr zipmlimnlliWalHi mu!i)l'i\\'l(ll H11- HHHHH of ilhlmilmliun ui' lluhmuliighl ruflwlur mi thefrum glass ui' [Irv Iwmllighl; :1 mvuus uf suppm'li fur (in: mummy. mu!:1 111mm, whereby Lllu mumpy may b0 :ittalhmi in and (lvtnuhmi from thenmmm of support.

S1 M ICON T111 11 T N H11. \Vii ncsscs:

AARON (I. l'IAlUrUHi), CHARLES (i. IIUTCIIINB-JN.

